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PREGNANCY
For most women who want to be pregnant and who have no particular fears or anxieties, pregnancy can be an enjoyable time. The first three months produce most of the classic pregnancy symptoms and during the middle three months most women find themselves well and content. Increasing research has shown how important the psyche is in pregnancy and there is little doubt that many pregnancy symptoms are produced or made worse by a woman’s psychological state. Psychoanalysis of women with strange cravings (for eating coal, soap and so on) for example, or excessive vomiting shows that these women may have deep psychological problems at the heart of their troubles.
One of the most interesting psychological phenomena of pregnancy is the ‘phantom pregnancy’ (pseudo-cyesis). This is a condition in which a woman believes she is pregnant, and even has pregnancy symptoms, when she is definitely not pregnant. She may have a swollen abdomen and can even produce milk. This phenomenon is also seen in animals. In women it is found both among those who desperately want or do not want a baby.
At the other end of the scale are the many psychological and emotional causes for miscarriage. But this raises the question about how a woman knows she is pregnant – many women think they are pregnant and are having a miscarriage when in fact they are just having a heavy period. As so many women worry repeatedly about whether or not they are pregnant we will discuss the subject in some detail here.
Every day there are lots of women who worry about whether or not they are pregnant. A doctor cannot tell with certainty by physical examination whether you are pregnant or not until eight or more weeks after the first day of your last missed period, though many women know within days or at the latest in a couple of weeks, especially if they have been pregnant before.
There is one easy and cheap way to find out – unless you are prepared to wait and see – and that is to have a pregnancy test which is carried out on a specimen of urine. This can be done by a general practitioner, a hospital pathology laboratory, with a do-it-yourself kit from a pharmacist, by a pharmacist himself, or – most reliably – by a pregnancy consultation or advisory centre or service. (All major cities have at least one. They go under various
names – look them up under Pregnancy Test Services in the Yellow Pages.)
Today’s tests are generally positive a few days after the first day of your missed period, and the newest tests are positive even before this. The secret of getting an accurate result is the careful collection of the specimen of urine. Be guided by the following rules:
1 Don’t drink any fluid after 6pm the night before the test.
2 Collect the specimen properly. Sit at the back of the lavatory seat with your legs one on either
side. Use clean tissues soaked only in water and wash your vulva from front to back once
only with each clean piece of tissue. Separate your inner lips with the fingers of one hand and
then start to urinate. Once you have a good stream don’t stop but collect a small bottleful of
urine as you continue to urinate. Cap the bottle, and if you are doing the test yourself write
your name on it, the date of your last period and any drugs you are on. If you have been on
the Pill in the last three months the test can be difficult to interpret and other drugs could
interfere with the pregnancy test too.
3 Carry out the test or send or take the urine sample to the testing place.
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